1979年，美国睡眠障碍中心协会和睡眠心理生理研究协会发表了睡眠和唤醒障碍诊断标准。后来由美国、欧洲、日本和拉丁美洲等国家和地区的睡眠学会在此基础上进行整理修订，形成了睡眠障碍的国际分类(intemationalclassificationofsleepdisorders，ICSD)。1997年又在原来版本的基础上进行了修订，增加了许多新的内容。新的国际分类将睡眠障碍分为4大类，即睡眠障碍，深眠状态，精神、神经或其他内科疾患伴发的睡眠障碍，以及拟建议的睡眠障碍。现将睡眠障碍的国际分类(ICSD1997)列举如下：（一）睡眠障碍1.内因性睡眠障碍(intrinsicsleepdisorders)(1)心理生理性失眠(psychophysiologicinsomnia)(2)主观感觉性失眠(sleepstatemispemeption)(3)特发性失眠(idiopathicinsomnia)(4)发作性睡病(narcolepsy)(5)复发性睡眠过度(recurrenthypersomnia)(6)特发性睡眠过度(idiopathichypersomnia)(7)创伤后睡眠过度(post-traumatichypersomnia)(8)阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructivesleepapneasyndrome)(9)中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(centralsleepapneasyndrome)(10)中枢性肺泡换气不足综合征(centralalveolarhypoventilationsyndrome)(11)周期性肢体运动障碍(periodiclimbmovementdisorder)(12)不宁腿综合征(restlesslegssyndrome)(13)尚未分型的内因性睡眠障碍2.外因性睡眠障碍(extrinsicsleepdisorder)(1)睡眠卫生不良(inadequatesleephygiene)(2)环境性睡眠障碍(environmentalsleepdisorder)(3)高空性失眠(altitudeinsomnia)(4)睡眠调节障碍(adiustmentsleepdisorder)(5)睡眠不足综合征(insufficientsleepsyndrome)(6)设限性睡眠障碍(1imit-settingsleepdisorder)(7)入睡相关性障碍(sleep-onsetassociationdisorder)(8)食物过敏性失眠(foodallergyinsomnia)(9)夜食(夜饮)综合征(nocturnaleating/drinkingsyndrome)(10)催眠药物依赖性睡眠障碍(hypnotic-dependentsleepdisorder)(11)兴奋剂依赖性睡眠障碍(stimulant-dependentsleepdisorder)(12)酒精依赖性睡眠障碍(alcohol-dependentsleepdisorder)(13)毒素诱发睡眠障碍(toxin-dependentsleepdisorder)(14)尚未分型的外因性睡眠障碍3.昼夜生物节律睡眠障碍(circadian-rhythmsleepdisorders)(1)时区改变综合征(timezonechange(jetlag)syndrome)(2)倒班工作睡眠障碍(shiftworksleepdisorder)(3)不规律的睡眠-醒觉模式(irregularsleep-wakepattern)(4)睡眠时相延迟综合征(delayedsleep-phasesyndrome)(5)睡眠时相提前综合征(advancedsleep-phasesyndrome)(6)非24小时睡眠-醒觉模式(non-24-hoursleep-wakedisorder)(7)尚未分型的昼夜生物节律睡眠障碍（二）深眠状态(parasomnias)1.唤醒障碍(arousaldisorders)(1)错乱性唤醒(confusionalarousals)(2)睡行症(sleepwalking)(3)睡惊(夜惊)(sleepterrors)2.睡眠-醒觉转换障碍(sleep-waketransitiondisorders)(1)节律性运动障碍(rhythmicmovementdisorder)(2)睡眠惊跳(sleepstarts)(3)睡语症(sleeptalking)(4)夜间腿部痛性痉挛(nocturnallegcramps)3.常与REM睡眠伴发的深眠状态(parasomniasusuallyassociatedwithremsleep)(1)梦魇(nightmares)(2)睡眠瘫痪(sleepparalysis)(3)睡眠相关****勃起障碍(impairedsleep-relatedpenileerections)(4)睡眠相关痛性勃起(sleep-relatedpainfulerections)(5)REM睡眠伴发窦性停搏(REMsleep-relatedsinusarrest)(6)REM睡眠伴发行为障碍(REMsleepbehaviordisorder)4.其他深眠状态(otherparasomnias)(1)睡眠磨牙(sleepbruxism)(2)睡眠遗尿(sleepenuresis)(3)睡眠相关异常吞咽综合征(sleep-relatedabnormalswallowingsyndrome)(4)夜间阵发性肌张力不全(nocturnalparoxysmaldvstonia)(5)原因不明夜间猝死综合征(suddenunexplainednoctumaldeathsyndrome)(6)原发性打鼾(primarysnoring)(7)婴儿呼吸暂停(infantsleepapnea)(8)先天性中枢性换气不足综合征(congenitalcentralhypoventilationsyndrome)(9)婴儿猝死综合征(suddeninfantdeathsyndrome)(10)良性新生儿睡眠肌阵挛(benignneonatalsleepmyoclonus)(11)其他深眠状态(尚未分型)（三）伴发精神神经或其他内科问题的睡眠障碍(sleepdisordersassociatedwithmental，neurologic，orothermedicaldisorders)1.精神障碍伴发睡眠障碍(associatedwithmentaldisorder)(1)精神病伴睡眠障碍(psychoses)(2)心境障碍伴睡眠障碍(mooddisorders)(3)焦虑障碍伴睡眠障碍(anxietydisorders)(4)惊恐障碍伴睡眠障碍(panicdisorders)(5)酒精中毒伴睡眠障碍(alcoho1)2.伴发神经系统障碍的睡眠障碍(associatedwithneurologicdisorders)(1)脑变性病伴发睡眠障碍(cerebraldegenerativedisorders)(2)痴呆伴发睡眠障碍(dementia)(3)帕金森氏病伴发睡眠障碍(parkinsonism)(4)家族性致死性失眠(fatalfamilialinsomnia)(5)睡眠相关性癫痫(sleep-relatedepilepsy)(6)睡眠期癫痫电发放持续状态(electricalstatusepileptieusofsleep)(7)睡眠相关性头痛(sleep-relatedheadache)3.与其他内科问题相关(associatedwithothermedicaldisorders)(1)昏睡病(sleepingsickness)(2)夜间心脏缺血伴睡眠障碍(nocturnalcardiacischemia)(3)慢性阻塞性肺部疾病伴睡眠障碍(chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease)(4)睡眠相关性哮喘(sleep-relatedasthma)(5)睡眠相关性胃食道反流伴睡眠障碍(sleep-relatedgastroesophagealreflux)(6)消化性溃疡伴睡眠障碍(pepticulcerdisease)(7)纤维肌痛伴睡眠障碍(fibromyalgia)（四）拟建议的睡眠障碍(proposedsleepdisorders)1.短时睡眠者(shortsleeper)2.长时睡眠者(longsleeper)3.亚醒觉综合征(subwakefulnesssyndrome)4.断续性肌阵挛(fragmentarymyoclonus)5.睡眠多汗症(sleephyperhidrosis)6.经期伴发睡眠障碍(menstrual-associatedsleepdisorders)7.妊娠期伴发睡眠障碍(pregnancy-associatedsleepdisorders)8.恐怖性入睡前幻觉(terrifyinghypnagogichallucinations)9.睡眠相关性神经源性呼吸困难(sleep-relatedneurogenictachypnea)10.睡眠相关性喉痉挛(sleep-relatedlaryngospasm)11.睡眠窒息综合征(sleepchokingsyndrome)